An Examination of El Niño–La Niña-Related Precipitation and Temperature Anomalies across the Northern Plains

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Bunkers ◽  
James R. Miller ◽  
Arthur T. DeGaetano
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Northern Plains ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

scholarly journals El Niño Southern Oscillation (1896 to 2016): Quantifying Effects on Winter Precipitation and Temperature in Southwest Ohio, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Robert W. Ritzi ◽  
Lauren M. Roberson ◽  
Michael Bottomley
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Winter Temperature ◽  
La Niña ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Continental-scale studies of North America suggest that the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can cause winters to be warmer, with less precipitation, during El Niño conditions and colder, with more precipitation, during La Niña conditions in the Midwest United States. Two sources of historical records of precipitation and temperature in southwest Ohio from 1896 to 2016 were analyzed. Three statistical methodologies were used to test the hypothesis that anomalies in winter temperature and precipitation occurred in relation to ENSO phases. Eighty percent of El Niño winters had below-average winter precipitation; the average anomaly was −5 cm. Precipitation decreased with increase in El Niño strength as measured by the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI). These results were statistically significant beyond the 95% level. However, variation in MEI only accounted for 3% of the overall variability in winter precipitation. Many of the drier winters on record, including the extrema, occurred during neutral winters. During La Niña winters precipitation was not statistically significantly different from that in neutral winters. Winter temperature was not statistically significantly different during El Niño and La Niña winters within the century of record. The results were consistent between separate analyses of data from the 2 different sources.

Combined Effect of ENSO and AO on Winter Temperature of Korean Peninsula on Sub-seasonal time Scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Gaeun Kim ◽  
Sinil Yang ◽  
Woo-Seop Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
El Nino ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Time Scale

AbstractThe combined effect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Arctic Oscillation (AO) on the variability of boreal winter (December–February) temperature over South Korea is examined at the sub-seasonal time scale using sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) hindcast data. Daily hindcast data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) database is used. We selected the following six composite cases using a threshold of ± 0.5 for each index: El Niño and positive AO (EP), El Niño and negative AO (EN), La Niña and positive AO (LP), La Niña and negative AO (LN), positive AO only (PA), and negative AO only (NA). Results from reanalysis data suggest the possibility of using these two climate factors as predictors for one-month prediction of South Korea up to four weeks in advance. Thus, we confirmed that the ENSO plays a statistically significant role in strengthening (weakening) the AO influences on the temperature anomalies in the in-phase (out-of-phase). For example, there is a significant increase (decrease) in mean temperature anomalies through positive (negative) GPH anomalies and warm (cold) temperature advection over South Korea in the EP (LN) case. The ECMWF S2S hindcast demonstrated an acceptable ability to reproduce circulation patterns over East Asia up to three weeks in advance, and sufficiently predicted weekly mean temperature anomalies over South Korea in EP, LN, and PA cases.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis and model construction of NDVI Based on meteorological data

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 03040
Author(s):  
Jifeng Wu ◽  
Yayu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
La Niña ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

NDVI (Normalized Vegetation Index) is an important characteristic index to study regional vegetation change, which is greatly influenced by meteorological data. Based on the analysis of the trend change and correlation between NDVI and PWV (Precipitable Water Vapor), precipitation and temperature in four geographical regions of China, this paper constructs a model between NDVI and PWV, precipitation and temperature in each geographical region according to multiple regression, and predicts NDVI through meteorological data. The results show that:(1) NDVI and meteorological factors have the same changing trend, and the maximum value appears in every region from June to September, and the value of NDVI in southern region is relatively large. (2) The correlation between rainfall and NDVI is the highest in Qinghai-Tibet region, the correlation between temperature, PWV and NDVI is the highest in northern region, the correlation between NDVI and rainfall, temperature and PWV is the lowest in southern region. (3)According to the meteorological data ,NDVI prediction can be achieved better, and the prediction effect in southern region is the best and the model accuracy is the highest. (4) NDVI is negatively related to El Niño event, positively related to La Nina event, and the stronger El Niño and La Nina events are, the higher the correlation is.

scholarly journals Interannual Variability of the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon: Differences between ENSO and Non-ENSO Years

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2275-2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia Chou ◽  
Jien-Yi Tu ◽  
Jia-Yuh Yu
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
El Niño ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
La Nina

Abstract The interannual variability of the western North Pacific (WNP) summer monsoon is examined for the non-ENSO, ENSO developing, and ENSO decaying years, respectively. The ENSO developing (decaying) year is defined as the year before (after) the mature phase of ENSO, and the non-ENSO year is defined as the year that is neither the ENSO developing year nor the ENSO decaying year. A strong (weak) WNP summer monsoon tends to occur during the El Niño (La Niña) developing year and a weak (strong) WNP summer monsoon tends to occur during the El Niño (La Niña) decaying year. In all non-ENSO, ENSO developing, and ENSO decaying years, the strong (weak) WNP summer monsoon is associated with the positive (negative) rainfall anomalies, cold (warm) sea surface temperature anomalies, warm (cold) upper-tropospheric temperature anomalies, low (high) surface pressure anomalies, and a low-level cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation anomaly over the subtropical WNP. The 850-hPa wave train associated with the WNP and east Asian (EA) summer monsoons in the non-ENSO, ENSO developing, and ENSO decaying years extends northward and suggests a possible teleconnection between the WNP summer monsoon and the North American climate. The wave train extended into the Southern Hemisphere in the non-ENSO and ENSO developing years implies a teleconnection between the WNP summer monsoon and the Australian winter climate. The anomalous WNP monsoon in the non-ENSO and ENSO developing years exists only in summer, while the anomalous WNP monsoon in the ENSO decaying year persists from the beginning of the year to the summer season. The anomalous WNP summer monsoon exhibits a strong ocean–atmosphere interaction, especially in the ENSO decaying year. This study suggests that the anomalous WNP summer monsoon in the non-ENSO year is associated with the variation of the meridional temperature gradient in the upper troposphere, while the anomalous WNP summer monsoon in the ENSO developing and decaying years is associated with ENSO-related SST anomalies.

ANALISIS DAERAH RAWAN KEKERINGAN LAHAN JAGUNG BERDASARKAN IKLIM OLDEMAN DAN KETERSEDIAN AIR TANAH DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR SAAT PERIODE EL NINO DAN LA NINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Oki Adrianto ◽  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Suwandi Suwandi
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
La Niña ◽  
La Nina

Perekonomian Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur secara sektoral masih didominasi sektor pertanian.Tanaman jagung menjadi salah satu produksi tanaman pangan terbesar berdasarkan data dari Dinas Pertanian dan Perkebunan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur tahun 2015. Peningkatan produksi pertanian dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai strategi adaptasi dan upaya penanganan bencana, salah satu upaya tersebut adalah dengan penyediaan informasi iklim terkait penentuan daerah-daerah rawan kekeringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran wilayah rawan kekeringan lahan jagung bulanan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur saat kondisi El Nino dan La Nina dengan periodeisasi bulanan januari hingga desember. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data curah hujan rata rata bulanan di 19 pos hujan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dan suhu udara rata-rata bulanan dihitung menggunakan pendekatan teori Brack dengan titik referensi Stasiun Klimatologi Lasiana Kupang. Periode dari masing-masing data yang digunakan adalah dari tahun 1991 dan 1997 digunakan sebagai tahun El Nino dan tahun 1999 dan 2010 digunakan sebagai tahun La Nina. Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat rawan kekeringan dengan menggunakan pembobotan berdasarkan penjumlahan bobot tipe iklim Oldeman dan bobot ketersediaan air tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran daerah kekeringan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timurpada tahun el nino lebih luas dibandingkan tahun la nina.

A Influência dos fenômenos El Niño e La Niña sobre a dinâmica climática da região Amazônica

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e2018014
Author(s):  
Samya de Freitas MOREIRA ◽  
Cleiciane Silva da CONCEIÇÃO ◽  
Milla Cristina Santos da CRUZ ◽  
Antônio PEREIRA JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
La Niña ◽  
La Nina

Caracterização climática da temperatura do ar em Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul

Agrometeoros ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Heemann Junges
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
La Nina

Estudos locais de caraterização e variabilidade climática são fundamentais para geração de informações mais adaptadas às atividades agrícolas desenvolvidas em um município ou região. O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar climaticamente e analisar a influência de eventos El Niño Oscilação Sul (ENOS) na série 1956-2015 de temperatura do ar de Veranópolis, RS. Para caracterização climática foram estabelecidas estatísticas descritivas das temperaturas do ar máximas, mínimas e médias mensais, estacional e anual na série e normal climatológica padrão 1961- 1990. Para identificação de diferenças entre estações e influência de eventos ENOS, os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Duncan. Os resultados indicaram que a temperatura média anual é de 17,3ºC, variando entre 12,7ºC (julho) e 21,8ºC (janeiro). O clima é do tipo Cfb, de acordo com a classificação climática de Köppen e TE (temperado) na classificação climática do Estado. Temperaturas mínimas médias mensais inferiores a 10ºC ocorrem de maio a setembro, período de maior variabilidade interanual das temperaturas máximas (desvio padrão entre 1,5º e 1,8ºC), mínimas (1,6-1,8ºC) e médias mensais (1,4-1,7ºC). Anos de La Niña possuem temperaturas médias estacionais inferiores as de El Niño, embora diferenciação em relação a neutros ocorra somente para temperaturas mínimas na primavera e máximas no outono.

Rendimento de grãos de soja e de milho, no Rio Grande do Sul, não difere entre eventos El Niño Oscilação Sul

Agrometeoros ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Matzenauer ◽  
Bernadete Radin ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Income Data ◽  
The Relationship

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre o fenômeno El Niño Oscilação Sul - ENOS e o rendimento de grãos de soja e de milho no Rio Grande do Sul e verificar a hipótese de que os eventos El Niño são favoráveis e os eventos La Niña são prejudiciais ao rendimento de grãos das culturas. Foram utilizados dados de rendimento de grãos dos anos agrícolas de 1974/75 a 2016/17, e relacionados com as ocorrências de eventos ENOS. Foram analisados os dados de rendimento observados na colheita e os dados estimados com a remoção da tendência tecnológica. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença significativa do rendimento médio de grãos de soja e de milho na comparação entre os eventos ENOS. Palavras-chave: El Niño, La Niña, safras agrícolas. Abstract – The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon with the grain yield of soybean and maize in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil and to verify the hypothesis that the El Niño events are favorable and the La Niña events are harmful to the culture’s grain yields. Were used data from the agricultural years of 1974/75 to 2016/17, and related to the occurrence of ENOS events. We analyzed income data observed at harvest and estimated data with technological tendency was removed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the average yield of soybeans and corn in the comparison between events.

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